Improvement in the preparation of garancine



ttititth' State that ttffirt Letters Patent No. 109,489, dated November22, I870 IMPROVEMENT IN THE PREPARATION OF GARANCINE,

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of thesame.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SPENCER Bounnx, of the cityof Fall River, in thecounty of Bristol and State of Massachusetts, have invented a certainnew and useful Improvement in the Preparation of Garaneine.

My'invcntion consists in a certain novel treatment of garanciue with acertain compound and chlorate of potash, by which the cohn'ing-mattcrcontained in the garancine is freely eliminated, resulting in a grcatcieconomy in its use, it is believed, than has heretofore beenaccomplished; and I do hcreby declare the following specitication to bea true, clear, and exact description thereof.

As a means of illustration, in order to compare my method of preparinggarancine liquor with that in gencral'use, I will present a common andusual dycrs formula for producing certain effects well known to' theart, the quantity stated being requisite for properly dyeing one yardofcloth, viz:

Eighteen drams garancine, eighteen drains garanccux, three dramssunmc,two drams Persian berries, boiled with water to make three gallons ofliquor.

After submitting goods to the action of the dyebath they are cleared inthe usual manner with bran and the soul's.

For producing substantially the .same colors and effects with myimprovement I use but, say, fiftyfivc per cent. of the quantity ofgarancino stated above, previously prepared as follows: I

The garancine, say, ten drams, wit-h one-quarter of its weight, or, say,two and a half drams otcommon hard soap, and two dramschlorate o'fpotash are boiled in three quarts of water for, say, about thirtyminutes, by the injection of steam in a well-known manner. 7 I

The quantity ot'liquid is then increased to one gallon by the additionof water;

It is then poured, with the eighteen drams gal-anccux, three dramssumac, and two drams of Persian berries which have previously beensoaked in one 'gallon of water. 1

To this is then added water, raising the quantity of liquor to, say,three gallons, the whole being boiled by the injection of steam in theusual manner.

I have obtainedsatisfactory results by stirring mordanted goods forthirty minutes in the liquor at 120 Fahrenheit, raised to 140Fahrenheit, contin nod for fiftecnminutcs, then raised to 180Fahrenheit, and concluded in fifteen minutes, after which they are readyfor the brans and sours.

-It is 'to be remembered that the dyers formulas herein presented aremerely for the purposes of illustration, and that they constitute nopart of my invention, which relates wholly to the novel treatment of thegarancine. I

The proportions of hardsoap and chlorate of potash, or theirequivalents, may be varied with more or less desirable results withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention.

Inasmuch as madder and garanceux are similarly affected by thecompounding therewith of soap and chlorate of potash, an economy of,say, twenty-five per cent. will result by the use of the soap andchlorate, as described, applied and-.treated in substantially the samemanner and proportions.

As uniform results are indispensable, I 'do not recommend the use ofless than, say, seventy-five per cent. of the usual or normal quantityof madder or garanceux.

I am awarethat soaps have heretofore been used in a great variety ofapplication for the purposes of fixing and clearing colors derived frommaddcr, gar-ancine, and other similar dyc-stufi's.

1. am also aware that chlorate of potash aml its equivalents have beenused for similar purposes.

I am not, however, aware that both, or either of them, have ever, beforemy invention or discovery, been used singly or in combination in thepreparation of dyeing liquors derived from garancinc or othercoloring-matter of its class; but that they have only been used intreating the mordanted goods after they had been subjected to the actionof the dyeingbaths, prepared in the usual and well-known manner.

I do not, therefore, broadly claim as new the use of soaps or chlorateof potash, or their equivalents, for the purpose of developingcoloring-matter already applied to mordanted goods, as my inventionconsists intreating the g'arancine by combining it with soap andchlorate of. potash, or their well-known equivalents, by the chemicalaction of which the coloring-matter is fully eliminated from the fiber,resins, and gums contained therein, thereby developing, from a certainquantity of garancine, as muchcoloring-matter as has heretofore beenobtained in the usual manner of its use from nearly double the saidquantity.

Comparativel y desirable results of a similar character may be attainedby the separate use 'of either the soap or the chlorate of potash, inproportionately increased quantities; yet I prefer them combined,substantially as described, thereby the same results are uniformlyaccomplished, and as the matter of economy, so far as the cost of thesoap and chlorate is concerned,-is of trifling consequence.

I therefore claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- Theimprovement in. the treatment of garancinc or other product of madder,which consists in eliminoting the coloring-matter contained therein bythe combined or separate action of hard soap and chlorate .oi': potash,or their chemical equivalents, in the manner substantially as hereindescribed;

SPENCER BORDEN.

Witnesses:

E, J. l nnxcu, CHAS. A. Bnuun'rr.

